Pavement.



PATENTED AUG. 30, 1904.

A. B. SUHUTTE.

PAVEMENT.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

F nolairv v 2.:

IINrrnn ST TES Patented August 30, 1904.

PATENT Orricn.

AUGUST E. SCHUTTE, OF BELMONT, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO WARREN BROTHERS COMPANY OF CHARLESTON, WVEST VIRGINIA, A CORPORATION OF WVEST VIRGINIA,OE BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 768,698, dated August 30, 1904.

Application filed April 10, 1903.

To all whom, it natty concern.-

Be it known that I, AUGUST E. Sonnr'rn, a subject of illiaunEmperor of German y,hav ing taken out my first naturalization papers as a citizen of the United States, residing in Cambridge,in the county of h Iiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pavements, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingapart of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to a pavement the wearing-section of which is composed of individual slabs or blocks of a highly-compressed bituminous and stony composition and of which the stony ingredients are of such sizes and so proportioned to the bituminous composition that they have what is termed inherent stability, receive the chief amount of Wear of traflic, and eliminate voids, and so that the bituminous composition used with the stony ingredients acts in so much to receive the wear of traffic as to fill the voids-and combine the stony ingredients together and waterproof the entire slab or block.

The slab or block may be of any desired size suitable for street-pavements. I prefer one that is from eighteen inches to two feet long and from a foot to eighteen inches in width and from four inches to six inches in thickness, although I do not confine my invention to blocks or slabs having these proportions. I also prefer that where necessary the slab or block be a trifle curved upon its upper surface to correspond to the curve of the upper surface of the finished pavement, although of course this will not be necessary excepting where the slabs are of considerable size.

Suflicient mineral or stony ingredients and bituminous composition to form a slab or block are intimately and uniformly commingled together throughout and are then subjected to great pressure upon the top, bottom, sides, and ends, whereby it is compacted and solidified in a permanent shape.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the slab of my invention. Fig. 2

Serial No. 151,953. (No model.)

is such a slab as applied to a well-known pavement-foundation. Fig. 3 represents such a slab as applied to another pavement-foundation.

In the drawings, A represents the pavementslab.

B is what is known as a rolled-stone subfoundation, upon the surface of which the slab is laid. This foundation may or may not have a bituminous binder.

C is a subfoundation of concrete, upon the surface of which the slabs A are laid.

4 I prepare my blocks preferably in the following way: The mineral ingredients for each block are weighed separately and mixed in definite quantities according to their sizes, which preferablyrange up to two and one-half inches, as heretofore stated, in the manner in which the ingredients of the Warren pavement are mixed. The bituminous cement is accurately measured and mixed with a definite amount of the mineral ingredients. The resulting mixture is placed in molds of suitable shape and size and there submitted to strong pressure in one or more directions. In so molding and compressing I may shape the slabs to conform to the natural bevel or crown of the road-bed. I thus produce blocks absolutely uniform in character and of a compactness otherwise impossible. The blocks are then transportedand laid in any suitable manner, according to the foundation upon which they are to be laid, and in accordance with such other circumstances as exist. By reason of the size of the blocks and the consequent distribution'of strains I may use them upon any known foundation and need no specially-prepared foundation, as is necessary in laying pavements of brick or comparatively small blocks.

Another advantage of my large slab-pavement is its lack of great numbers ofjoints or seams, these having always proved a weakness and defect in pavements of the past. It is to be noted, moreover, that 'such seams as may at first appear in my pavement have a natural tendency to heal and not to spread, and this tendency may be attributed directly to the nature of the material of which my slabs are composed. After placing the slabs in position upon the roadway .1 may roll under any pressure desired to more certainly produce the desired level and smoothness of the roadway.

it is obvious that there may be variations in the making of the cement and the mixing of the ingredients, and I do not intend to be limited in this respect, but consider all such variations within the scope and spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, 1 claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. An article of manufacture, a bituminous paving-slab, the mineral structure of which consists of mineral ingredients of several sizes so proportioned as to size and quantity as to have an inherent stability in combination with a comparatively soft cement or binder.

2. The method of producing apaving-slab consisting in selecting mineral ingredients of such sizes and in such relative quantities as to give the mineral structure an inherent stability, mixing with bituminous cement and snlnnitting to strong pressure.

The method of producing a paving-slab consisting in so selecting, apportioning and mixing the minerals as to give the mineral structure an inherent stability, mixing said minerals with bituminous cement in proper quantities and submitting the mixture to pressure from several directions.

4. An article of manufacture, a paving-slab consisting of bituminous cement in combination With mineral ingredients, having an inherent stability, pressed from several direc tions in a mold.

5. An article of manufacture, a paving-slab consisting of bituminous cement in combination with mineral ingredients of several sizes up to about two and one-half inches in diameter and so proportioned as to quantities and mixed as to give the mineral structure an inherent stability, and pressed from several directions in a mold.

6. As an article of manufacture, a bituminous paving-slab having mineral ingredients of several sizes up to about two and one-half inches in diameter and in such quantities as to possess inherent stability and. a disposition to continue to resist wear Without destroying said stability.

7. In a, pavement, a foundation of any character in combination with a surfacing or wearing layer comprising slabs composed of bituminous cement and mineral ingredients of such sizes as to possess an inherent stability.

8. A pavement composed of bituminous slabs of inherent stability and of such sizes as to distribute strains and thereby reinforce the foundation.

AUGUST E. SCHUT".E. Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J. M. DOLAN. 

